Penicillium chrysogenum – NBRC 32030

Penicillium chrysogenum

Penicillium chrysogenum

NBRC No. NBRC 32030
Scientific Name of this Strain Penicillium chrysogenum Thom
Synonymous Name
Synonym: Penicillium chrysogenum fsp. fulvescens
Penicillium echinulonalgiovens
Penicillium notatum
Penicillium rubens
Type Strain type
Accepted Date 1986/01/08
Isolated Year
Deposited Year
History IFO 32030 <- ATCC 10106 <- NRRL 807 <- C. Thom, 26
Other Culture Collection No. ATCC 10106=CBS 306.48=FRR 807=IFO 31875=IMI 24314=NCTC 7088=NRRL 807=NBRC 31875=IFO 32030
Other No. 26=LSHB Ad.3=LSHB p.19=QM 7500
Rehydration Fluid 707
Medium 1
Cultivation Temp. 25 C
Oxygen Relationship
Source of Isolation cheese
Locality of Source
Country of Origin USA
Biosafety Level
Applications Chrysogenin (pigment);production
Mating Type
Genetic Marker
Plant Quarantine No.
Animal Quarantine No.
Herbarium No.
Restriction
Comment Ex-neotype
References 2515,2554
Sequences ITS-LSU rDNA D1D2
LSU rDNA D1D2
ITS1-5.8S rDNA-ITS2
Shipping as Glass ampoule (L-dried)

Penicillium chrysogenum or Notatum (formerly) is a species of fungus in the family Trichocomaceae. It is common in temperate and subtropical regions and can be found on salted food products, but it is mostly found in indoor environments, especially in damp or water-damaged buildings. It was previously known as Penicillium notatum. It has rarely been reported as a cause of human disease.

It is the source of several β-lactam antibiotics, most significantly penicillin. Other secondary metabolites of P. chrysogenum include roquefortine C, meleagrin, chrysogine, xanthocillins, secalonic acids, sorrentanone, sorbicillin, and PR-toxin. Like the many other species of the genus Penicillium, P. chrysogenum usually reproduces by forming dry chains of spores (or conidia) from brush-shaped conidiophores. The conidia are typically carried by air currents to new colonisation sites. In P. chrysogenum the conidia are blue to blue-green, and the mold sometimes exudes a yellow pigment. However, P. chrysogenum cannot be identified based on colour alone. Observations of morphology and microscopic features are needed to confirm its identity and DNA sequencing is essential to distinguish it from closely related species such as Penicillium rubens. The sexual stage of P. chrysogenum was discovered in 2013 by mating cultures in the dark on oatmeal agar supplemented with biotin, after the mating types (MAT1-1 or MAT1-2) of the strains had been determined using PCR amplification. The airborne asexual spores of P. chrysogenum are important human allergens. Vacuolar and alkaline serine proteases have been implicated as the major allergenic proteins. Penicillium chrysogenum has been used industrially to produce penicillin and xanthocillin X, to treat pulp mill waste, and to produce the enzymes polyamine oxidase, phosphogluconate dehydrogenase, and glucose oxidase.